Development and Feasibility of Audio-Guided Imagery Training to Enhance Self-Confidence among Indonesian Pencak Silat Athletes

Abstract

Study purpose. To develop an audio-guided imagery training medium for pencak silat athletes and assess its initial feasibility and acceptability for pre-competition mental preparation.

Materials and methods. This research and development study followed seven stages: needs analysis, product design, initial development, expert validation, product revision, field trial, and final revision. The product comprised a 15-minute MP3 session delivered through headphones, incorporating preparation, relaxation, competition imagery, motivational self-talk, and brief reflection. One content expert and one media expert assessed its feasibility using a four-point Likert questionnaire. A field trial involved 30 athletes affiliated with IPSI Banyuasin, recruited through incidental sampling. Athlete acceptability was assessed using a 15-item questionnaire. Data were analyzed descriptively using percentage scores and predefined feasibility categories.

Results. Content and media experts rated the product highly, awarding scores of 93.75% (30/32) and 96.88% (31/32), respectively. Athlete responses yielded an overall acceptability score of 70.0%, corresponding to the “quite feasible” category. Feedback indicated that the instructions were clear, easy to follow, and suitable for incorporation into pre-competition routines.

Conclusions. The audio-guided imagery medium demonstrated strong expert-rated feasibility and qualified athlete acceptability, supporting further refinement and evaluation. These preliminary findings do not establish its effectiveness in improving self-confidence. Controlled studies using validated self-confidence measures and follow-up assessments are needed to determine its psychological benefits and sustained applicability.